Lecture Notes

An effort will be made to have fairly complete notes available before each class meets. 
A final set of notes will appear 12 - 24 hours after class meets.

You should always read through them even if you were in class.
The notes are often put together in a hurry so keep an eye out for typos. 
If you have problems accessing notes from this section of the class check the lecture notes from the other section. 






Tue., Dec. 13 - Final Exam (music: Blind Boys of Alabama "I Shall Not be Moved" (4:15), "Amazing Grace" (6:15), "If I Had a Hammer" (5:02) )
Tue., Dec. 6 - Last day of class, information about the Final Exam, in-class evaluation (optional)


Thu., Dec. 1 - Quiz #4 (music: Dessa "Skeleton Key" (3:38), "Mineshaft II" (4:21), "Sound The Bells" (4:23), "Sadie Hawkins" (3:29).  Listen to Dessa discuss what it takes to
                                      write and sing songs of this style)

Tue., Nov. 29 - Hurricanes
Thu., Nov. 24 - Thanksgiving Holiday
Tue., Nov. 22 - Lightning

Thu., Nov. 17 - Tornadoes pt. 2: life cycle, enhanced Fujita scale & tornado damage
 Tue., Nov. 15 - Thunderstorms pt. 2:
life cycle, gust fronts, haboobs, microbursts; severe thunderstorms, mesocyclones and wall clouds
                         Tornadoes pt. 1: tornado occurrence and characteristics       

Thu., Nov. 10 - Surface winds, water draining from sinks and toilets in the N. & S. hemispheres, thunderstorms pt. 1: development and air mass Tstorm life cycle
Cause of the Coriolis force - Optional reading
Tue., Nov. 8 -
Understanding why surface and upper level winds blow the way they do, Newton's 1st law of motion, Coriolis force, winds in the N. & S. hemispheres

Thu., Nov. 3 - Quiz #3 (music:  Copenhagen Philharmonic Symphony "Ravel's Bolero" (4:52), Grieg's "Peer Gynt" (2:16),
                        Naturally 7 performing Phil Collin's "In the Air Tonight" in the Paris Metro (5:12) All Soul's Procession 2016 (Nov. 5-6),
                        scenes from the 2012 All Soul's Procession featuring Batucaxe (1:06)

Tue., Nov. 1 - The ice crystal process, types of precipitation
Thu., Oct. 27 - Precipitation formation in clouds
Tue., Oct. 25 - Identifying and naming clouds
Thu., Oct. 20 - Drying moist air, the rainshadow effect, measuring humidity, wind chill & heat index, the drinking bird,
                         condensation nuclei, haze & fog, cloud in a bottle demonstration (maybe)

Tue., Oct. 18 - Humidity variables & a couple of humidity example problems

Upper level charts pt. 3 - Supplementary reading
Upper level charts pt. 2 - Supplementary reading
Upper level charts pt. 1 -"Suggested" reading (this material comes with an Optional Assignment)

Controls of climate - Optional reading (that comes with an embedded Optional Assignment)

Thu., Oct. 13 - Quiz #2 (music: George Gershwin "Rhapsody in Blue" (16:24) with photographs from New York City)

Tue., Oct. 11 - EM radiation emitted by the earth & sun, radiative equilibrium, filtering effect of the atmosphere on light, atmospheric greenhouse effect
Thu., Oct. 6 - Latent heat energy transport, electromagnetic (EM) radiation, rules governing the emission of EM radiation

Tue., Oct. 4 - Types of energy, temperature & temperature scales, specific heat & water's moderating effect on climate,
                      energy transport by conduction and convection, and (hopefully) latent heat

Supplementary reading - Introduction to energy, energy transport, and energy balance

Thu., Sep. 29 - Three-dimensional structure of fronts and the weather changes they produce, locating fronts on a surface weather map
Tue., Sep. 27 -
Surface weather map features: isobars & isotherms,  high & low pressure centers and the winds that blow around them,
                        pressure gradients, warm & cold fronts, and perhaps a little more


Thu., Sep. 22 - Quiz #1 (music: Haelos "Pray" (5:31), Earth Not Above (4:51), "Dust" (5:00), "Oracle" (5:11) )
Tue., Sep. 20 - The station model notation used to plot weather data on surface weather maps
Archimedes' principle - Supplementary reading
Thu., Sep. 15 - Rising and sinking air, the ideal gas law, Charles' law, vertical forces acting on air parcels

Early study and exploration of the upper atmosphere; Auguste, Jacques, and Bertrand Piccard - Optional reading
Tue., Sep. 13 - Mercury barometer, average & extreme sea level pressure values,
                         upward & sideways air pressure force, changes in air density with altitude, troposphere & stratosphere
Thu., Sep. 8 - The downward (and upward and sideways) force of air pressure, acid rain, Practice Quiz
Tue., Sep. 6 - Mass, weight, density & pressure
Thu., Sep. 1 - Tropospheric ozone & Los Angeles type smog, particulate matter, sulfur dioxide & acid rain
Symptoms of CO poisoning & the Air Quality Index (AQI) - Supplementary reading
The air pollution health threat - Optional reading

Tue., Aug. 30 - Trace gases in the atmosphere, air pollutants, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide & London type smog, light scattering
Thu., Aug. 25 - Dew point temperature & the summer monsoon, origin and evolution of the earth's atmosphere
Tue., Aug. 23
First day of class, composition of the atmosphere and dew point temperature