ENSO-Atmosphere Coupling
Ocean temperature pattern
SLP, winds, storms, etc.
Ocean currents, upwelling
By observing SSTŐs and surface winds in equatorial Pacific, we are able to forecast ENSO events with considerable skill (much better once they have started to form). ENSO forecasts lead to skillful seasonal forecasts for the US several months in advance (e.g. 1997-1998 winter).